genix microsource  (Xenocs Inc)

Journal: Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)

Article Title: Sponge Morphology of Osteosarcoma Finds Origin in Synergy Between Bone Synthesis and Tumor Growth.

doi: 10.3390/nano15050374

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 7. Maps of SAXS patterns analysis in terms of intensity (a–c), anisotropy (d–f), and orientation (g–i), realized at apatite signal q ∈0.0423;0.250 Å−1. Samples are two slices of 7-day- inoculated bone (D7.1 and D7.2) and a slice of 13-day-inoculated bone (D13). Each map results from the analysis of 40,000 2D X-ray scattering patterns. Intensity is an indicator of apatite presence and comparative quantities, with regions of interest being differences between trabecular and medullar bone, epiphysis and diaphysis, and the gradient into diaphysis from the growth cartilage. Apatite orientation is typically aligned with bone structure. One hope was to witness some decrease in orga- nization correlating with osteosarcoma development. Here, we witness the homogeneity of diaphysis bone orientation versus the complex structure of epiphysis. The standard deviation in a 400-point region of diaphysis is >4◦. Higher anisotropy values indicate a higher degree of orientation homo- geneity, and here all samples display an increasing gradient in the diaphysis starting from the growth cartilage, displaying a dynamic of aging and apatite evolution in the diaphysis. A 350 data-point region in the higher values of map (e) gives an average of 0.76 for a 0.13 standard deviation.

Article Snippet: Wide-angle X-ray scattering results were collected with a Pilatus 300 K (Dectris, Baden-Daettwil, Switzerland), mounted on a microsource X-ray generator GeniX 3D (Xenocs, Grenoble, France) operating at 30 W. The monochromatic CuKα radiation was λ = 1.541 Å.

Techniques: Standard Deviation

Journal: Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)

Article Title: Sponge Morphology of Osteosarcoma Finds Origin in Synergy Between Bone Synthesis and Tumor Growth.

doi: 10.3390/nano15050374

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 8. Maps of SAXS 1D spectra analysis with first slope value (a–c), second slope value (d–f), and line fit intersection position (g–i) of the bone apatite crystals’ signal. Samples are two slices of 7-day- inoculated bone (D7.1 and D7.2) and a slice of 13-day-inoculated bone (D13). Slopes are determined by the log/log linear fit of the 1D SAXS signal in the q ∈0.042;0.073 Å−1 range for the first slope and the q ∈0.150;0.250 Å−1 range for the second. The line intersection position is calculated from fits values. Each map results from the analysis of 40,000 2D X-ray scattering patterns. The first slope value is in the Fourier zone and refers to apatite crystals’ shape, with values of 2 being platelets and values of 1 being needles, which indicates, in the diaphysis gradient of the growth cartilages, an evolution towards what could be considered needles for mature bone, like in the epiphysis, although far less so in the 13-days sample. The average of 300 data points in (b) the rightmost part is 1.18, with a standard deviation of 0.14. The second slope is for the Porod zone, with values of 3 being a rough interface for apatite, and 4 being smooth. In addition to the shape evolution in the bone, we have a gradient indicating a smoothing of the apatite interface across samples. In the same zone as previously, the average value is 3.85 for a standard deviation of 0.04. Slopes’ intersection q position correlates with crystal perimeter and displays another diaphysis evolution of apatite with a perimeter gradient increase.

Article Snippet: Wide-angle X-ray scattering results were collected with a Pilatus 300 K (Dectris, Baden-Daettwil, Switzerland), mounted on a microsource X-ray generator GeniX 3D (Xenocs, Grenoble, France) operating at 30 W. The monochromatic CuKα radiation was λ = 1.541 Å.

Techniques: Standard Deviation

Journal: Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)

Article Title: Sponge Morphology of Osteosarcoma Finds Origin in Synergy Between Bone Synthesis and Tumor Growth.

doi: 10.3390/nano15050374

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 11. Mappings of collagen lateral packing peaks’ maximum position. Lateral packing peaks are in the q ranges of 0.51–0.59 Å−1 of the (11) plane and of 0.685–0.765 Å−1 of the (20) plane. Samples caption are two slices of 7-day-inoculated bone, D7.1 (a,d) and D7.2 (b,e) and a slice of 13-day- inoculated bone, D13 (c,f). Each map results from the analysis of 40,000 2D X-ray scattering patterns. The evolution of peaks in q position values in the diaphysis correlates with all the previously seen gradients and seems to indicate a shift in collagen packing fitting with apatite crystal shape, size, and interface.

Article Snippet: Wide-angle X-ray scattering results were collected with a Pilatus 300 K (Dectris, Baden-Daettwil, Switzerland), mounted on a microsource X-ray generator GeniX 3D (Xenocs, Grenoble, France) operating at 30 W. The monochromatic CuKα radiation was λ = 1.541 Å.

Techniques: